Evaluation of oxidation efficiency of hydrophobic palladium catalyst for C monitoring in gaseous radioactive waste

Ueno, Yumi; Nakagawa, Masahiro; Sato, Junya; Iwai, Yasunori

Hoken Butsuri, 51(1), p.7 - 11, 2016/03

https://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.51.7

In the Nuclear Science Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), in order to oxidize C, which exists in various chemical forms in exhaust, into CO, a copper oxide (CuO) catalyst is introduced after heating to 600C. Our goal was to establish a safer C monitoring system by lowering the heating temperature required for the catalyst; therefore, we developed a new hydrophobic palladium/silicon dioxide (Pd/SiO) catalyst that makes the carrier's surface hydrophobic. In these experiments, catalysts CuO, platinum/aluminum oxide (Pt/AlO), palladium/zirconium dioxide (Pd/ZrO), hydrophobic Pd/SiO, and hydrophilic Pd/SiO were ventilated with standard methane gas, and we compared the oxidation efficiency of each catalyst at different temperatures. As a result, we determined that the hydrophobic Pd/SiO catalyst had the best oxidation efficiency. By substituting the currently used CuO catalyst with the hydrophobic Pd/SiO catalyst, we will be able to lower the working temperature from 600C to 300C and improve the safety of the monitoring process.

Catalyst technology of Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo

Kubo, Hitoshi*; Oshima, Yusuke*; Iwai, Yasunori

JETI, 63(10), p.33 - 36, 2015/09

Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo provides a broad range of precious metals products and technologies. Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo and Japan Atomic Energy Agency have jointly developed a new method of manufacturing catalysts involving hydrophobic processing with an inorganic substance base. As a result, previous technological issues were able to be solved with the development of a catalyst that exhibited no performance degradation in response to radiation application of 530 kGy, a standard for radiation resistance, and maintenance of thermal stability at over 600C, which is much higher than the 70C temperature that is normally used. The application of this catalyst to the liquid phase catalytic exchange process is expected to overcome significant technological hurdles with regards to improving the reliability and efficiency of systems for collecting tritium from tritiated water. It is also anticipated that the hydrophobic platinum catalyst manufacturing technology used for this catalyst could be applied to a wide range of fields other than nuclear fusion research. It was verified that if applied to a hydro oxidation catalyst, hydrogen could be efficiently oxidized, even at room temperature. This catalyst can also contribute to improving safety at non-nuclear plants that use hydrogen in general by solving the aforementioned vulnerability issue.

Successful development of a new catalyst for efficiently collecting tritium; A Breakthrough toward realization of fusion reactors

Iwai, Yasunori; Kubo, Hitoshi*; Oshima, Yusuke*

Kagaku, 70(5), p.35 - 40, 2015/05

We have successfully developed a new hydrophobic platinum catalyst for collecting tritium at nuclear fusion reactors. Catalysts used to collect tritium are called hydrophobic precious metal catalysts. In Japan, hydrophobic precious metal catalysts manufactured from polymers have been used for heavy water refinement. However, this catalyst has issues related to embrittlement to radiation and thermal stability. These technological issues needed to be solved to allow for its application to nuclear fusion reactors requiring further enrichment from highly-concentrated tritiated water. We developed a new method of manufacturing catalysts involving hydrophobic processing with an inorganic substance base. As a result, previous technological issues were able to be solved with the development of a catalyst that exhibited no performance degradation in response to radiation application of 530 kGy, a standard for radiation resistance, and maintenance of thermal stability at over 600C, which is much higher than the 70C temperature that is normally used. The catalyst created with this method was also confirmed to have achieved the world's highest exchange efficiency, equivalent to 1.3 times the previously most powerful efficiency. The application of this catalyst to the liquid phase catalytic exchange process is expected to overcome significant technological hurdles with regards to improving the reliability and efficiency of systems for collecting tritium from tritiated water.

Effect of the hydrophobic anion of picrate on the extraction of europium(III) with diamide

Naganawa, Hirochika; Suzuki, Hideya; Tachimori, Shoichi; Nasu, Akinobu*; Sekine, Tatsuya*

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 73(3), p.623 - 630, 2000/03

https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.73.623

no abstracts in English

None

Matsumoto, Shiro*

PNC TJ1609 91-002, 48 Pages, 1991/03

PNC-TJ1609-91-002.pdf:1.66MB

no abstracts in English

Adsorption of plasma proteins on poly hydroxyalkylmethacrylate materials

; Kaetsu, Isao

Journal of Materials Science Letters, 2, p.605 - 608, 1983/00

https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00719872

no abstracts in English

Enzyme immobilization by radiation-induced polymerization of hydrophobic glass-forming monomers at low temperatures

Kaetsu, Isao; ;

Biotechnol.Bioeng., 21(5), p.863 - 873, 1979/00

no abstracts in English

Immobilization of enzymes by radiation polymerization

Kaetsu, Isao

Kagaku No Ryoiki, 31(10), p.87 - 91, 1977/10

https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/40000429914

no abstracts in English

Research and development on radiation durability of core components of water detritiation system for fusion reactors

Iwai, Yasunori; Kubo, Hitoshi*; Oshima, Yusuke*

no journal, , 

Water detritiation technology for the Combined Electrolysis Catalytic Exchange (CECE) process has been developed over the years in Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) for the Japanese DEMO fusion reactor. The research interest is in (1) durability of a commercial polymeric ion exchange membrane for tritiated water electrolyzer and improvement of a membrane for the enhance in durability, in (2) sorption behavior of tritiated water in elastomers for promising seal materials of the electrolyzer, and in (3) development of hydrophobic catalyst for the reaction of hydrogen isotope exchange between hydrogen and water vapor in the Liquid Phase Chemical Exchange (LPCE) column. For the durability of ion exchange membrane, durability of Nafion ion exchange membrane immersed into 1.3810 TBq/kg of highly concentrated tritiated water has been demonstrated at room temperature for up to 3 years as a Broader Approach activity. The changes in mechanical strength and ion exchange capacity after immersing in tritiated water are well consistent with those irradiated to an equivalent dose with rays or electron beams. As for the sorption behavior of tritiated water in elastomers, change in sorption behavior of water in elastomers irradiated up to 1500 kGy has been evaluated for more than 8 years. For the hydrophobic catalyst, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency and Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K developed a new method of manufacturing catalysts involving hydrophobic processing with an inorganic substance base. The catalyst created with this method has achieved the highest exchange efficiency, equivalent to 1.3 times the previously most powerful efficiency.